Các cỡ kích thước
Có nhiều hệ thống đơn vị khác nhau để phân loại kích thước các nịt ngực phù hợp với vú lớn nhỏ. Phần lớn chia theo mẫu tự từ AAA đến DD. Một cách tìm cỡ kích nịt ngực như sau (dùng thước đo với đơn vị inch (1 inch = 2.54cm))
- Đo chu vi của bụng trên (ngay dưới vú) (CV1)
- Cộng 5 nếu CV là số lẻ, 6 nếu là số chẵn (BS1)
- Đo chu vi vòng ngực, đứng thẳng, tay giang rộng, đo theo đường ngang với núm vú (BS2)
- Theo hiệu số BS2 trừ BS1 dùng bảng sau:
| BS2 trừ BS1 | Cỡ nắp nịt ngực |
|---|---|
| 0" - 0.5" | AA |
| <= 1" | A |
| <= 2" | B |
| <= 3" | C |
| <= 4" | D |
| <= 5" | DD hay E |
| <= 6" | F |
| <7" | FF |
- Thí dụ, phụ nữ có chu vi vòng bụng trên là 30", vậy phải cộng 6 thành cỡ 36".
- Nếu vòng ngực là 40", hiệu số ngực-bụng là 4" - theo bảng thì là cỡ nắp D.
- Phụ nữ này nên mang nịt cỡ 36D.
Size and measurement
The comfort and function of any given bra is highly dependent on the correct size and fit. A large range of sizes are available to cater to the wide variety in the size of women's breasts and bodies. Bra sizes typically vary in two ways: the volume of the cups that fit over the breast, and the length of the back strap that goes around the body. It is essential that the bra fit correctly in both of these dimensions. There is typically some ability to adjust the band size, since bras usually have three or four alternative sets of fastening hooks. The shoulder straps of a bra are also almost always adjustable. The size of women's breasts is often expressed in terms of her usual bra size.
Measurement systems
Although all bras are labeled by size, many women find that the only way to obtain a bra that fits properly and achieves the effect they want is by trial and error with each bra type, model and brand. This method is the most reliable.
Though many countries use the metric system, the majority of nations still use imperial units to determine the underband size of the bra itself.[citation needed]
There are several methods which may be used to provide an approximate size by taking measurements.[11] However, bra sizing systems differ widely between countries, between manufacturers, and between brands and designs, which can create many problems. Many researchers have demonstrated that these problems arise because fit requires knowing the breast volume, not the body circumference (the distance around the body), which is what is actually measured. Although bra sizing uses the circumference to estimate the volume, this has been shown to be highly unreliable.[7]
The size of a bra is commonly described by two values. The first is the band size (underband), a number based on the circumference of the chest under the bust, excluding the breasts. The second is the cup size given by a letter of the alphabet, and relating to the volume of the breasts themselves. For example, a 30D bra is for a 30-size band and a D-size cup. Cup sizes typically start with A, the smallest, and increase alphabetically. A double lettering system may also be used, e.g. DDD for F or AA for a size smaller than A.
Band size is usually determined by measuring body circumference under the breasts as tight as possible. A second measurement is a loose fit taken of the chest circumference over the fullest part of the breasts (overbust). The cup size can then be calculated with tables or a conversion tool from the difference between these two measurements.
The mean underband circumference in the UK is 34 inches (86 cm). For the overbust measurement, this is 40 inches (101 cm), for women 18–64 years.[12]
Fitting difficulties
Women often find it difficult to find the correct bra size. To achieve perfect sizing consistently, a bra would have to be custom made, because a "one-size-fits-all" manufacturing process is fraught with difficulties. Breasts vary in the position on the chest, and in their diameters.
A number of stores have certified professional bra-fitters specialists. However, even bra fitters have been shown to be quite variable in their recommendations. [11] Buying "off-the-shelf" or "online" bras is unwise if the buyer has never tried on the brand and type of bra that they are interested in buying.
Some bra manufacturers and distributors state that trying on and learning to recognize a proper fit is the best way to determine a correct bra size, much the same as with shoes. Some critics observe that measuring systems such as the one described above often lead to an incorrect size, most commonly too small in the cup, and too large in the band. For anyone and especially cups sizes larger than a D, one should get a professional fitting from the lingerie department of a department store or a specialty lingerie store. [13]
Some women intentionally buy larger cups and pad them, while yet others buy smaller cups to give the appearance of being "full". Finally, the elastic properties of the band make band size highly unreliable, and in one study the label size was consistently different from the measured size. [14][11] Fashion and image drive the bra market, and these factors often take precedence over comfort and function. [15][16]
As already noted, there is no agreed standard across all manufacturers for measuring and specifying bra size. Obtaining the correct size is further complicated by the fact that the size and shape of a woman's breasts fluctuate during her menstrual cycle, and also with weight gain or loss. Even breathing can substantially alter the measurements. [16] It is frequently stated, from the results of surveys, that between 70 and 100% of women are wearing incorrectly fitted bras. [17][18][19][20][21] This may be partly due to a lack of understanding of how to correctly determine bra size; it may also be due to unusual or unexpectedly rapid growth in size brought on by pregnancy, weight gain, or medical conditions including virginal breast hypertrophy.
As breasts become larger, their shape and the distribution of the tissues within them changes, becoming ptotic and bulbous rather than conical. This makes measurements increasingly unreliable, especially for large breasts. Similarly the heavier a build the woman has, the more inaccurate the underbust measurement as the tape sinks into the flesh more easily. [11] Finally, most women are asymmetrical (10% severely), with the left breast being larger in 62%, especially when the breasts are large. [22]
Many of the health problems associated with bras are due to fitting problems and are discussed further below, under health problems. However, finding a comfortable fit is described as very difficult by many women, which has affected sales. [7][1][23] Basically, medical research describes the fitting of bras as chaotic and illogical, and a major cause of health problems. [16]
Source from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
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